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- <text id=93TT2160>
- <title>
- Sep. 06, 1993: Gorby The Green Warrior
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Sep. 06, 1993 Boom Time In The Rockies
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ENVIRONMENT, Page 52
- Gorby The Green Warrior
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Moving from the cold war to global warming, the former Soviet
- leader searches for a new role
- </p>
- <p>By EUGENE LINDEN
- </p>
- <p> At a time when the environmental movement seems in desperate
- need of a champion, the most likely candidates have gone AWOL.
- Vice President Al Gore, the author of Earth in the Balance,
- has strayed to other issues as he tries to keep up with Hillary
- and the pack of FOBs in the hyperactive Clinton Administration.
- Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland devoted much
- of the 1980s to helping develop a global eco logical agenda,
- but her reputation has plummeted since Norway resumed commercial
- whaling in defiance of an international ban.
- </p>
- <p> Now into the breach strides Mikhail Gorbachev, who is once again
- a man with a mission. Helping end the cold war and pushing for
- democratic reform in Russia were simple compared with the new
- challenge he has taken up. As president of the International
- Green Cross/Green Crescent, a private organization intended
- to help coordinate global environmental initiatives, Gorbachev
- hopes to do nothing less than spearhead a drive to save the
- planet.
- </p>
- <p> Even when he presided over a superpower, Gorbachev talked like
- someone with a heart of green. At the United Nations in 1988,
- he called for a halt to humanity's "aggressions against nature."
- Today, freed from the constraints of government, he sometimes
- sounds more like a granola-crunching backpacker from California
- than a former communist who rose through the ranks of apparatchiks
- in one of the most environmentally irresponsible nations of
- our time. Gorbachev may be the only world leader to use the
- word noosphere (a term that refers to human consciousness as
- it relates to the biosphere) in a major address.
- </p>
- <p> Gorbachev launched the Green Cross last spring in Kyoto, Japan,
- at a meeting of the Global Forum, a gathering of law makers,
- religious leaders, activists and scientists. His intellectually
- adventurous speech was at times contradictory and unrealistic,
- but it moved far beyond the bland platitudes about "sustainable
- development" and "global conventions" that dominate international
- discussions of environmental issues. Saying things that would
- mean political suicide in most of the industrial world, he attacked
- such sacred cows as development, progress and the current definitions
- of material happiness.
- </p>
- <p> "Technology has not only failed to ease the conflict between
- man and nature," Gorbachev argued, "it has aggravated that conflict...The crisis of civilization that we see today is a crisis
- of the naive belief in the omnipotence of humanity." He contended
- that the world must abandon the urge to conquer nature and adopt
- a "philosophy of limits" based on an understanding that technology
- cannot solve all problems.
- </p>
- <p> Gorbachev knows firsthand what mankind can do to the environment.
- "I first saw the dangers in Stavropol, where poor farming practices
- produced sandstorms that carried away topsoil," he said during
- an interview with TIME. While in the Kremlin, he confronted
- one horror story after another of skies blackened by smokestacks,
- rivers ruined by toxic wastes and fields flooded by ill-conceived
- dams. "Farmers rebelled against these outrages," he said, "but
- because of the command system, their revolt was not heard."
- Then came the explosion of the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl,
- which "was the final argument. All of us then understood the
- kind of monster we had created."
- </p>
- <p> At a meeting of the Global Forum in Moscow in 1990, when he
- was still Soviet President, Gorbachev proposed an organization
- roughly analogous to the International Red Cross to contend
- with environmental problems that cross national boundaries.
- Last year the Earth Summit in Rio passed a resolution establishing
- the International Green Cross, and six months later the Dutch
- government donated $1.1 million to get things going. At about
- the same time, Roland Wiederkehr, an environmentalist and member
- of the Swiss Federal Assembly, started the World Green Cross.
- Gracefully acknowledging Gorbachev's star power, Wiederkehr
- accepted the Russian's invitation to merge the two groups and
- is now executive director of the combined operation. It has
- headquarters in both the Hague and Geneva.
- </p>
- <p> Since the organization's debut, Gorbachev and Wiederkehr have
- met with a parade of environmentalists to select pilot projects.
- Among the possibilities: a program to coordinate efforts to
- clean up the Volga River; an effort to protect the pristine
- Plitvicka Lakes National Park on the border between Serbia and
- Croatia from the fighting that has ravaged the Balkans; the
- establishment of a Geneva-based industry council that would
- help prevent chemical catastrophes like the gas leak that killed
- 2,000 in Bhopal, India; and an initiative to focus attention
- on problems that involve the use and disposal of toxic products
- by the world's military establishments.
- </p>
- <p> Gorbachev's prestige has helped attract Green Cross board members
- such as Javier Perez de Cuellar, former Secretary-General of
- the U.N., and former Japanese Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu.
- Other trustees range from astronomer Carl Sagan to Rene Felber,
- the former President of Switzerland. Ultimately, Gorbachev envisions
- a network of local, national, regional and international offices
- that will, as he puts it, "enhance and amplify" the work of
- other environmental groups. He also sees this network as a means
- of changing the "values" of human societies.
- </p>
- <p> If that sounds vague, it is. Some activists grumble that the
- world does not need another environmental bureaucracy, particularly
- one put together in such an impromptu manner. Despite the Russian's
- passion for his new career, it is clear that he is learning
- on the job. Still, Gorbachev brings to his new job one irreplaceable
- asset: the respect of world leaders. Recently he wrote President
- Clinton to say, in effect, "I stopped nuclear testing; you can
- too." Says Green Cross board member Thor Heyerdahl (whose writings,
- beginning with Kon-Tiki, greatly influenced the former Soviet
- President): "Even though there are other international environmental
- organizations, I came here because Gorbachev has the stature,
- intelligence and drive to make things happen. He realizes that
- the threat is grave, and he gives me hope."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-